Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201A superstructure model for indirect inter-plant water integration for selecting the optimum single-pass and partitioning regenerators1813105910.21608/jpme.2020.36996.1042ENWalaaShehataDepartment of Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering-Suez University, Suez- EgyptFatmaGadDepartment of Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering-Suez University, Suez- EgyptJournal Article20200803Water scarcity and stricter regulations on industrial effluents have led to a different view of water use. Water recycling / reuse is the most common technology used to reduce water and wastewater. The integration of multiple industrial plants, known as the inter-plant integration, has gained a great attention in recent years. Inter- plant water integration is a new technology that can be applied to water integration. This technology can be used to reduce water consumption and water discharge of various water networks in eco-industrial plants. This can be achieved directly or indirectly through the use of regenerators. In this work, a superstructure model for the indirect inter-plant water integration is proposed, for selecting the optimum regenerators of single pass and partitioning regenerators. Mixed integer non-linear program (MINLP) was formulated and solved for optimum solution. A literature case study is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in the fresh and the discharge water of the integrated plants.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_131059_e35146b6bf1089246c197088fc32e36a.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201A Survey of Contractors Permitted to Excavate on Historic Sites in Egypt91613106810.21608/jpme.2020.47899.1055ENJohnShearmanAdam Shearman, Inc.
Perrysburg, Ohio USA0000-0003-1553-813XAliAbbasGeological and Geophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, EgyptAymanHamidGeological and Geophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, EgyptNevinAlyGeological and Geophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, EgyptJournal Article20201027Geophysical surveys are an essential tool in analyzing risks associated with unknown subsurface conditions. In Egypt, excavating on historic sites can be challenging when encounters of archaeological material occurs. For the contractor, delays and work stoppage affect costs. For the archaeologist, encounters risk the chance of damage as well as possible time consuming mitigation. Ten contractors, representing the total population of an ongoing research investigation, that are registered to excavate on historic sites associated with construction projects, were given a survey questionnaire. 100% of the population responded providing reliable data so further determinations can be made. The questions focused on the impact archaeological encounters had on contractor’s production and schedule. The results show several problems linked with the two professions of construction and archaeology. This paper will detail the questionnaire results and suggest a modified well established planning tool, utilizing geophysical surveys, that pinpoints anomalies so procedures can be performed during the preconstruction phase (proactive) rather than during construction activity (reactive). The procedure corresponds with current planning practices and can reduce the occurrence of unexpected archaeological encounters causing the contractor delays along with reducing the possible damage to the archaeological material.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_131068_a09b32659b16fd36759fdd53d8735503.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Development of new models for predicting crude oil bubble point pressure, oil formation volume factor, and solution gas-oil ratio using genetic algorithm173911050510.21608/jpme.2020.31955.1035ENAhmedSolimanPetroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, British University in Egypt (BUE), Elshorouk city, Cairo, Egypt0000-0001-5264-6805AttiaAttiaPetroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, British University in Egypt (BUE), Elshorouk city, Cairo, EgyptMuhamedAbdelwahabPetroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, British University in Egypt (BUE), Elshorouk city, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20200606Bubble point pressure (Pb), oil formation volume factor (BO), and solution gas-oil ratio (Rs) are considered the key parameters required to describe and characterize the crude oil. Accurate determination for crude oil properties are necessary for multi-operation in reservoir evaluation, such as reserve estimation, enhanced oil recovery, oil reservoir performance prediction, designing pipelines and production equipment, and reservoir simulation. Traditional techniques used to calculate PVT data are usually expensive or unavailable, so there are a huge number of empirical correlations developed to estimate PVT properties as a function of production data. But when we used these correlations to predict crude oil properties, big errors are attained. The main target of this study is to find a better and accurate approach for predicting the properties of crude oil. This paper developed new empirical correlations for predicting the properties of reservoir oil as a function of PVT properties such as (P, T, Bo, Rs) using genetic algorithm technique. The simulation model is built using MATLAB software which contains the optimization tool that includes a genetic algorithm tool in it. To validate these correlations, 130 data sets of different crude oils were used. The results obtained showed that the developed empirical correlations from the genetic algorithm model appeared excellent accuracy of predicting crude oil properties compared to their relevant published correlations. The average absolute error for all correlations that the genetic algorithm applied to them is decreased. This technique can be applied to predict crude oil properties with a high level of accuracy.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_110505_4ca03b43f73f2e6a031f41b35a65056d.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Fabrication of Al Alloy-Based Metal Matrix Composites and Use the Interpolation Approach for Mechanical Properties Estimation405010593110.21608/jpme.2020.33497.1038ENHamdyElwaslyMining and Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Qena- Egypt0000-0001-7562-4799MoatasemKhalefaMining and Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Qena- EgyptJournal Article20200623Aluminum alloy-based metal matrix composites (AMMCs) are extensively utilized due to their distinctive mechanical properties. Al-6%Si alloy was reinforced with different contents of alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) particles (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, 7.5, 9, 10.5 and 12% wt.) and the MMCs were prepared by stir casting at 800°C. Microstructural characterization of AMMCs was studied using optical microscopy, to emphasize the homogeneous distribution of the reinforcement particles (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) in the Al alloy matrix. Hardness and wear tests were used to study the influence of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> addition on the mechanical properties of the prepared composites. The interpolation method is applied as a perfect alternative approach for saving the consumed time during the experimental work. The used mathematical expression can be utilized for an early prediction of the mechanical properties of AMMCs at different contents of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles without carrying out much experimental analysis. The current study shows that the linear interpolator is the optimal one where it achieved Mean square error (MSE) equals 0.1875, and 0.0119 for hardness and wear loss tests, respectively.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_105931_d037861f2f10253f2d22772010867024.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Grindability of Quartz under Compressive and Impact Forces51579459110.21608/jpme.2020.28947.1032ENAhmedSeifelnassrDepartment of Mning Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum & Mining Engineering Suez UniversityAbdelzaher MohamedAbouzeidDepartment of Mining, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo universityGhorashi ZainelabdeinAbdallaDepartment of mining and processing engineering, Faculty of engineering, Omdurman Islamic university ,Omdurman , SudanJournal Article20200429Abstract: This paper presents a comparative study between the grindabiltiy of quartz by compression and impact forces as two different modes of size reduction in mineral comminution. The compression tests are carried out in a piston die, and the impact tests are performed using a stamp mill. Two quartz size fractions, (-6.3+4.75mm) and (-2.36+1.7mm) at sample weights of 150 and 100 grams were used for comparison of the behavior of quartz under the two different modes of material disintegration forces. The obtained results showed that the cumulative weight of the product size distributions is reasonably normalizable with respect to the median particle size, X50, for both compression and impact modes. The specific energy expended is inversely proportional to the median size of the products, and the reduction ratios (RR), X50f/X50p, are directly proportional to the applied forces in both grinding modes, and hence, to the specific energy expended. However, under the studied conditions, there is superiority of grinding by impact force, particularly at the high energy levels, over compression grinding in terms of reduction ratios and the fineness of the ground product. Analysis of the results points to conclusions concerning the choice of grinding equipment ensuring the most beneficial course of the size reduction process for a specific job.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_94591_dca5e38402b9a8d34c4392874d9b90ef.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Joint Addition of Zirconium, Titanium and Chromium to Commercial Pure Aluminium586410491610.21608/jpme.2020.33579.1037ENMohammedAboraiaMining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, AssiutHany GamalGad ElrabNuclear Materials Authority- EgyptGommaAbdallaMining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, AssiutJournal Article20200623The effect of joint addition of Zr, Ti and Cr on the grain refinement of commercial pure aluminium (99.7% Al) has been investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that joint addition of 0.15 wt% Zr and 0.025 wt% Ti to Al can result in a remarkable refinement with an average grain size of 102 μm. It was found the optimum addition level of Ti to be 0.025 wt% in the presence of 0.1 % Zr and any increase in the Ti beyond 0.025wt% results in coarse grain size. Joint additions of 0.15 wt% Zr, 0.025 wt% Ti and 0.15 wt% Cr to Al facilitate better grain refinement and the average grain size was 75 μm. The grain refining performance of joint addition of 0.1 wt.% Zr and different additions of either Ti or Cr is higher than refining with zirconium alone. EDS and SEM analysis of the precipitated phases observed at or near the centers of the refined aluminium with joint addition of Zr and Ti was found to be Al3(Zr1-xTix). These Al3(Zr1-xTix) particles act as heterogeneous nucleation sites for α-Al during solidification and resulted in better grain refinement.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_104916_827e8aade83547df20f2bfe5f0ac8d13.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Novel Applications of Dry Vinasse to Improve Properties of Concrete657013106210.21608/jpme.2020.45978.1050ENAtefMahmoudmining and metallurgical department - faculty of engineering - assiut universityJournal Article20201012The sugar industry in Egypt dates to the beginning of the nineteenth century. The sugar industry waste in Egypt has been used for recycling and use in the fields of agriculture and industry. Also, some waste has recently been used in the construction field. In this research, we will studies the effect of using dry vinasse which is one of the sugar industry waste on some hardened concrete properties and properties of durability, by studying the addition of various proportions of dry vinasse between 0.2 to 0.5% of the cement weight of dry vinasse, on cement mixtures 3, 3.5, 4 Kn/m3 and pouring concrete into standard cubes, beams and cylinders and curing it by submerging it in water until hardened concrete tests are performed every 28, 90, and 180 days and the durability test is done after 180 days after the cubes are curing in water for 28 days and then immersed in a solution 10% sodium sulfate. <br /> The results showed a noticeable improvement in both the compressive strength, flexural and splitting strength of concrete. Likewise, the concrete improved its resistance to deterioration after immersing the concrete cubes in sodium sulfate solution. The most favourable dose of dry vinasse is 0.4% dose.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_131062_3f849d65498bbf1759b08b7665e0e9a0.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201On the Modified Design of Anode Assembly in Hall-Héroult Cell Using Finite Element Method717910323510.21608/jpme.2020.32359.1036ENMohamedAliMining and Petroleum Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Qena- EgyptMahmoudAlyMining and Petroleum Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Qena- Egypt0000-0003-3950-4639Journal Article20200610The Hall-Héroult process is the most commonly used process for aluminum production by aluminum through an electrolytic reduction of alumina dissolved in an electrolytic bath at 960 ͦ C. The voltage drop for the anode group represents about 8% of the total cell voltage. The resistance between the connections that link the different parts of the anode assembly causes the increase the anode voltage during the electrolysis process. The factors affecting the anodic voltage drop, temperature and stresses distribution were investigated using the finite element method. These factors included the stub diameter, thimble flutes number and steel stub number. Thermal and electrical measurements were carried out on ten prebaked anodes cells to verify and validate the modelled result. In this paper, study the electro thermal model under the influence of mechanical loading of the anode assembly confirmed that the design of the steel stubs (in terms of diameter and number) are the main factors that greatly influence the reduction of the anodic voltage, while the thimble flutes number might have a little effect on the anodic voltage drop.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_103235_0fea28618fffa40369651c8ec6ed3192.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Prediction of Porosity and Water Saturation Using Neural Networks in Shaly Sand Reservoirs, Western Deseret, Egypt809112759010.21608/jpme.2020.36116.1040ENGharebHamadaPetroleum, American University of Kurdistan, Kurdistan, IraqAhmedSakkaUniversity Teknologi Petronas, MalaysiaChawNyeinUniversity Teknologi Petronas, MalaysiaJournal Article20200717Petrophysical properties evaluation of shaly sandstone reservoirs is a challenging task in comparison to clean sand reservoirs. Logging derived porosity in shaly sands requires shale correction and Archie’s formula cannot be used in shaly sands for the determination of water saturation, therefore many water saturation models were proposed to get accurate water saturation of shaly sand reservoirs. In this paper, three water saturation models were used; two empirical models (Simandoux and total shale) and one theoretical model (effective medium model). Shale corrected density log was used in all models. The use of computer-generated algorithm, fuzzy log neural network is of increasing interest in the petroleum industry. This paper presents artificial neural network (ANN) as an effective tool for determining porosity and water saturation in shaly sand reservoir using well logging data. ANN technique utilizes the prevailing unknown nonlinear relationship in data between input logging data and output petrophysical parameters. Results of this work showed that ANN can be supplement or replacement of the existing conventional techniques to determine porosity and water saturation using empirical or theoretical water saturation models. Two neural networks were presented to determine porosity and water saturation using GR, resistivity and density logging data and adapted cut off for porosity and water saturation. Water saturation and porosity were determined using conventional techniques and neural network approach for two wells in a shaly sand reservoir. Neural network approach was trained for porosity and water saturation using the available well logging data. The predicted porosity and water saturation values have shown good matching with the core data in the two wells in comparison to the porosity and water saturation derived from the conventional techniques. This work showed that developed neural network (ANN) could provide an accurate porosity and water saturation in shaly sands reservoirs, it is subject to volume of available well logging data.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_127590_aba69765dc358a81df67e61d3b3bdd59.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Production of biodiesel from used cooking using linear regression analysis929913106110.21608/jpme.2020.39252.1044ENAbdallah SayedAhmed Elgharbawymaterial science, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, alexandria0000-0002-1534-0468Journal Article20200814Biodiesel represents a closed carbon dioxide cycle (approximately 78%) because it is derived from renewable biomass sources. "Bio" means its biological and renewable source, and "diesel" represents its use as a fuel on diesel engines. Biodiesel is defined as “mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils and animal fats”. The present study was carried out in order to identify an effective treatment of used cooking oil to get the ideal specification condition to obtain high yield of biodiesel and get the best conversion ratio of used cooking oil to biodiesel. The linear regression analysis concluded that methanol to oil ratio and catalyst concentration have a high positive statistical significant effect. Temperature has a positive statistical significant effect. The process time had a non statistical significant negative effect on the biodiesel yield and the mixing rate had a highly negative statistical significant effect. The best methyl ester conversion obtained was 99.2 wt.% based on the following conditions : methanol to oil molar ratio of 7.54:1, catalyst concentration of 0.875% , 1.17 hr. of reaction time, temperature of 52 °C, mixing rate 266 rpm.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_131061_e89b05e13b44e49f6588a8653720a574.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Thermal Analysis of The Baking and Start-up Stages For Hall–Heroult Cells at Egyptalum Smelter1001099641310.21608/jpme.2020.30541.1033ENGommaAbdallaAssiut University, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut, EgyptKhalidYoussifAluminum Company of Egypt (Egyptalum), Nagaa Hammadi, EgyptElsayedElbadryAssiut University, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut, EgyptMohamedAliAl Azhar University, Faculty of Engineering, Qena, EgyptJournal Article20200518Thermal behaviour of three cells at Egyptalum smelter was investigated during baking and start-up stages by inserting twenty thermocouples in the sidewall carbon blocks and ten thermocouples in the bottom carbon blocks. The baking time, final average cathode surface temperature and the relative standard deviation for the anodic current distribution for these cells were about 71 h, 852 °C and 10 %, respectively. The heat-up rate during baking stage and the cell stability during the early operation period were improved. Temperatures in the sidewall carbon blocks at the end the baking stage in the range between 71 and 113°C and gradually increased after start-up stage to the temperatures in the range between 558 and 737 °C. The start-up time for these cells was 52 h. Valuable thermal relations were obtained between the sidewall carbon blocks and the steel shell during the baking and start-up stages. The results showed the sidewall carbon temperatures were unaffected by small voltage changes during the baking stage, but it affected by small voltage changes during the start-up stage.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_96413_1fe96828620111dc4c49dc8e80a67568.pdfSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650622220201201Improving the Energy Efficiency for Propane Recovery from Natural Gas using Pinch Technology: A Case Study11011813106710.21608/jpme.2020.47253.1051ENHussienMohamedProcess Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptSeham A.EL TemtamyProcess Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptMohamed S.GadProcess Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptTaherEl SheikhProcess Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptTarekFetouhMining and petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20201021Process integration (PI) techniques is an efficient approach to increase the profitability due to reduction in energy, water and raw materials consumption, reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and in waste generation. The PI method, pinch technology is certainly the most widely used in industrial processes. When planning a new plant or revamping an existing plant it is very important to understand and select the right process to minimize capital and operating costs. This research was directed to investigate the reduction of energy consumption in propane recovery units that process natural gas produced from wells existing in the Egyptian western desert fields. The first step was process simulation of the existing gas processing plant using AspenHysys8.3 steady state process simulation program. Next, pinch technology has been adopted in order to achieve minimum hot and cold utilities and save capital cost of the process. Target utilities were calculated using pinch analysis in the Aspen energy analyzer program. Modifications in heat exchanger network could result in savings of 8.3% in hot utility, 6.5% in cold utility of the existing plant and of 46.7% in capital cost for a grass root plant.https://jpme.journals.ekb.eg/article_131067_bba651655e9d4081a5d7433da8c70e76.pdf