Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201An Optimum Model for Slim Hole Well Kill1103716010.21608/jpme.2018.37160ENAmrAbdel AzezFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, EgyptAhmedElgibalyMohamedFarahatJournal Article20160625<strong>Abstract</strong><br /> The slim hole drilling technology satisfies the oil and gas industry demands todays. As it offers not only a significant cost reduction but also minimize the environmental impact generated from the drilling operation. The cost reduction is realized from using smaller rigs and tubulars and less cement, drilling fluid and drilling cutting disposal1. In general slim hole wells reduce costs by 40-60% for remote exploration wells and 25-40% of development wells compared to the conventional wells2. The second main advantage of the slim hole drilling technology is the minimization of waste and improvement general environmental impact. If the size of the slim hole is half of a conventional one, the cuttings and mud volume will be 25% of a conventional volume2. Slim hole drilling technology has been impeded by the lack of documentation of well control methods for small annulus drilling3. One of the major barriers to the introduction of slim hole drilling technology to oil field operations was perceived to be the maintenance of safe standards of well control4. This paper will introduce a simple analysis of the pressures undergone by the well bore during killing operation so as to drive the optimum killing model for the slim hole wells.Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Optimum operating conditions for existing natural gas compression station11193720310.21608/jpme.2018.37203ENAymanHashishEgyptian general petroleum corporation (EGPC)SaiedAbdallaSuez University, Faculty of Petroleum & Mining Eng., Chemical & Petroleum Refining Eng. Dept.WalaaShehataSuez University, Faculty of Petroleum & Mining Eng., Chemical & Petroleum Refining Eng. Dept.FatmaGadSuez University, Faculty of Petroleum & Mining Eng., Chemical & Petroleum Refining Eng. Dept.Journal Article20160216There has been continuous evolution of NG treatment processes to meet the ever– increasing demands of electricity generation and various manufacturing sectors. Our focal point is the booster compression station of an existing gas plant which consists of two centrifugal compressors. The objective of the presented work is to debottleneck both compressor trains to increase its capacity and to study the effect of the proposed modifications on the downstream dehydration package that using adsorption by silica gel fixed beds. The presented modifications are adding two slip steams to the gas/gas heat exchangers, the first one to be installed on tube side and the second one on shell side, each slip stream will accommodate 160 MMscf/d. These will give the compression station an important advantage as the capacity of each train will increase from 450 to 610 MMscf/d per train that means we can got a gain of 320 MMscf/d per both trains to be added to the national gas grid at Egypt. The adsorption performance changed after adding both slip streams where the operating parameters of the inlet gas have changed such as temperature and pressure. The simulations for both cases existing and modifying compression station were conducted using Aspen- HYSYS simulation program. The simulation results shows that fuel gas consumption of both compressors driver gas turbines has increased from 6880 to 10000 Kw that equal 45.0% equivalent to 2.25 MMscf/d (1.125 MMscf/d per each) compared to compressed gas capacity increment by 35.5 % that equal 320 MMscf/d. Adsorption calculation for hydration beds shows that pressure drop per each bed increased from 0.66 to 1.19 bar but still within limit (Max 1.25 bar) and adsorbed water for each bed has increased from 1260 to 2850 lb H2O that equal 1590 lb H<sub>2</sub>O or 126 % while the bed should hold 6500 lb H<sub>2</sub>O.Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Effect of Dual Phase Steel Processing Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties20263722610.21608/jpme.2018.37226ENAhmedRefaeeEzz Aldekhela (EZDK) Steel Company, Alexandria, EgyptSabbahAtayaDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, 43721, Suez, Egypt
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi ArabiaSamirIbrahimDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, 43721, Suez, EgyptJournal Article20160206The advantages of dual phase steels in structural applications and automobile industries motivate further studies on the effect of processing parameters on the properties of dual phase steel. Production trials of DP steels were performed using a thin slab caster (TSC). Dual phase steel with the composition (in wt. %) of 0.057 C, 0.277 Si, 1.38 Mn, 0.027 Nb, 0.036 P, 0.63 Cr 0.39 Al was produced in sheet thickness of 3.2 mm. The effects of deformation at inter-critical temperatures (790 and 800°C), coiling temperatures (120, 150 and 180°C) and cooling rate (113~136 °C/Sec) on the final microstructure were investigated. Characterization of the dual phase steels mechanical properties was carried out using hardness, quasi-static tensile test, high strain rate tensile tests, and impact tests. The final mechanical properties were correlated with the different microstructure constituents. The effect of martensite content on deformation and fracture was investigated.Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Characterization of the Campanian-Maastrichtian Sudr Chalk, Gabal El Bruk, North Sinai, Egypt27383746010.21608/jpme.2018.37460ENHatem F.HassanFaculty of Science, Port-Said University, Port-Said, EgyptMohamed O.AbouelreshFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.
Center of Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20160301<strong> </strong><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The Campanaian – Maastrichtian Sudr Chalk of Gabal El Bruk subdivided into two members, the lower Markha and the upper Abu Zemina members. Nine biostratigraphic zones (CF13-CF2) have been identified from the planktonic foraminiferal content. The qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the foraminiferal parameters revealed the predominance of Midway type fauna over the Velasco type fauna in the Campanian indicating that the Sudr Chalk was deposited on the continental shelf. The benthonic fauna show an intermediate value between Velasco-type fauna and Midway type fauna indicating an increase in water depth from the continental shelf during the Campanian to lower slope during the Maastrichtian time. Two microfacies associations have been identified from the petrographic analysis of the Sudr Chalk in the study area. Foraminiferal micrite (wackstone) and fossiliferous mudstone (mudstone) revealing the deepening upward from Markha to Abu zenima member.The study area was affected by both sea level fluctuations as well as tectonic instability due to the Syrian arc system from Middle Campanian upward. The total organic carbon (TOC) ranges between 0 to 3.8 %. This variation is controlled by lithology, faunal content, sedimentation rate as well as depositional environmental conditions. There are three intervals of maximum TOC within the studied Sudr Chalk which indicates a fair to good source rock (CF2, CF5+CF6 and CF12).Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Oil Reserves Evaluation and Field Development plan of Hakim Oil Field in Libya39533778510.21608/jpme.2018.37785ENOmar A.N.SalihFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Eng., Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt,Mahmoud ATantawyFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Eng., Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt,SayedElayoutyFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Eng., Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt,AtefAbd HadyThe British University in EgyptJournal Article20160124The main objectives of this research are to estimate the oil reserves and set a development plan for Hakim Field in Libya, using three methods for calculating OOIP which are Volumetric (Monte Carlo), Decline curve analysis (DCA), Material Balance Equation, and establish the optimum development plan for Hakim field. Results showed that the OOIP of Hakim Field, calculated by volumetric method done through Monte Carlo tool given 90.2 MM STBO for Proven Reserves (1P) , 115.5 MM STBO for Probable reserves (2P) and 147.0 MM STBO for Possible reserves (3P). While OOIP estimated by Decline curve analysis given 82.4MM STBO for Proven Reserves (1P) , 102.8MM STBO for Probable reserves (2P) and 114.9MM STBO for Possible reserves (3P), and 112.18 MM STBO for Probable reserves (2P) by Material Balance. In addition, 14 prediction scenarios have been applied on the Material Balance Model to establish the optimum Field development Plan, results showed that from simulation model the optimal scenario is 8 Producing Wells, 4 Water Injector Wells and 8000 BWPD.Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Effect of HYL Process Parameters on the Quality of Iron Ore Reduction54603781010.21608/jpme.2016.37810ENMahmoudAhmedSuez Steel Company, Add: Egypt, Suez, Attaka, Adabeyah roadMohamedShahinDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43512MohamedElzekyDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43512MohamedAhmedDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43512
Department of Mechanical Engineering,The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, 11837 Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20160623In this work the effect of a number of HYL process parameters on direct reduced iron (DRI) quality, during a real process taking place at Suez Steel Company have been studied. These parameters are gas temperature at reactor inlet and at heater outlet, process gas flow rate, oxygen flow rate at partial combustion zone, reducing gases ratio, humidity percent in process gas, cooling gas flow rate and natural gas make-up for cooling gas. By changing these parameters, then by calculating the DRI quality (metallization and carbon content percentages ) after the residence time , I has been found that the metallization degree increases with the increase of gas temperature at reactor inlet and at heater outlet , process gas flow, oxygen flow at partial combustion zone, reducing gases ratio, humidity percent in process gas. Also increasing of cooling gas flow rate and natural gas make-up for cooling gas has caused increase a carbon content.Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Evaluation of INS Performance in Mine Mapping61663782710.21608/jpme.2018.37827ENAhmedZayedFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, EgyptMostafaHamamaFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, EgyptH. E.ElhifnawyCivil Engineering Department, Military Technical CollegeA. M.KamelGuidance Department, Military Technical CollegeJournal Article20160318This research paper discusses and evaluates the feasibility of using Inertial Navigation System (INS) in mine tracking, which is necessary for both surface and underground mining operations. INS provides position, velocity and attitude through direct measurements from inertial sensors (Accelerometers and Gyroscopes). INS suffers from time-dependent error growth which causes a drift in the object track, thus compromising the long-term accuracy of the system. In order to validate the INS algorithm, a toolbox developed under MATLAB environment was used to generate a reference and INS trajectories. Deep investigation and analysis of the affected error sources of INS has been conducted. The attained results indicated that the accuracy of INS depends upon the error sources, so it is important to integrate INS with other sensor output (as GPS) to minimize the effect of sensor driftsSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Visco-Elastic Surfactant Improves Sweep Efficiency and Interfacial Tension in Chemical Flooding67713782910.21608/jpme.2018.37829ENAhmedElgibalyFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, EgyptMohamedFarhatFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, EgyptHishamNasr El DinHarold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&M University, USAWaelA. Fattah AhmedFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, EgyptJournal Article20160211Enhanced oil recovery methods hold promise for recovering oil remaining after conventional waterflood. High demands for oil and high oil prices are driving more research in chemical EOR in particular. The total world oil production from EOR has remained relatively level over the years, contributing about 3 million barrels of oil per day, compared to around 85 million barrels of daily production, or nearly 3.5% of the daily production. Visco-Elastic surfactant (VES), has many applications in oil industry as friction reducer, improves carrying capacity and finally in acid diversion. VES can reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) and can build viscosity with saline water, through the reaction between the di-valent cation within the formation water and the active group of the VES. The VES gel can be broken upon contacting hydrocarbon phase or flushing with mutual solvent; this feature will help to reduce the formation damage. Mixing of 2vol%VES with 2wt% CaCl<sub>2</sub> can build a moderate viscosity that can sweep the oil ahead. Formation water will help to sustain the VES viscosity and reduce the gel degradation effect, on contrary to polymers. On the other hand, the VES will help to improve the interfacial tension (IFT). Berea Sand Stone standard cores of different permeabilities and 20-22% porosity range were used to conduct core flooding experiments using a mixture of 2 vol %VES with 2 wt % of CaCl<sub>2</sub> to form a 25 cp VES solution. The core flooding was done at ambient condition. The cores were initially saturated with brine, then de-saturated using 29<sup>o</sup> API crude oil of 20 cp viscosity. The cores were undergone water flooding to produce the max oil recovery before the water breakthrough, then the VES solution was pumped at 2cc/hr to maximize sweeping of the remaining oil. The VES flooding resulted in producing additional 33% of the oil remained after water flooding. About 11% of the produced oil from VES flooding was at mobility ratio less than unity. The water breakthrough was delayed until 24% of the remaining oil was recovered by VES flooding. Above results indicate the possible application of VES in tertiary recovery to improve the oil productivity through improving the mobility ratio while reducing the IFTSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Using Anionic Surfactants for Increasing the Displacement Factor in Jaribee Formation of Dero Oil Field72833783010.21608/jpme.2016.37830ENMosab Badr AldinAlbrediLecturer Prof at the Faculty of Petrochemical Engineering- Alfurat University- Dier Ezzor- SyriaJournal Article20160414In this research, a lab study was conducted on the process of injection Of Surfactant Dodecyl benzene Sodium Sulfonate [Wetconat-P1220EH (DDBSCa)] into a lab prepared matrix model consists of Marble that physically simulates the reservoir properties of Jaribee producing formation in Dero oil field. An injecting operation of the said surfactant was applied on the rock model using The Following Volumetric ratios (15, 30 and 50% PV), then the injection was continued at each ratio using the displacement liquid until the Volumetric ratio 250%PV in order to guarantee an efficient displacement . Through the results of the displacement processes, the change of the following factors in relation with the ratio of the injected liquid to the volume of the pores of the model was studied O.F.D: oil displacement factor, W: water percentage in the produced liquid, and Ra: recoverability. represents the ratio of the produced oil volume at every injecting process to the accumulating volume of the injected liquid in the same stage. Ra=V_O/V_T . To compare the efficiency of displacement using the said surfactant with the efficiency of water injection (currently applied in Dero field), the model was prepared for water injection (Water flooding) by cleansing by kerosene and water, then dried and re-saturated with oil. A comparison between the change of the aforementioned factors of water injection and surfactant injection was graphically performed . The results of the graphical comparison of both injecting methods implied an obvious increase of (O.F.D) and (Ra) factors when injecting the surfactant at all studied injection ratios than that of the water injectionSuez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201An Optimum Limited Entry for Multiple Zone Stimulation by Hydraulic Fracturing84933832310.21608/jpme.2016.38323ENAhmed A.ElgibalyFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, EgyptMohamedFarhatFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, EgyptMohamedOthmanQarun Company., Egypt.Journal Article20160801<strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></strong><br /> <span lang="EN-GB">In hydraulic fracturing, various diversion methods have been used to treat multiple zones with greater or lesser degree of effectiveness. Limited entry fracturing “LEF” is one of them. LEF could be very effective and can result in considerable savings in well completion costs. The process is not difficult to apply. The technique of limited entry perforations is used to achieve large frictional pressure drop across certain perforations to ensure fluid injection through each perforation in each interval. This study presents a new development in LEF. New relations were developed to optimize the perforations number that could not only increase the bottomhole pressure, but also, could result in the optimum fracture geometry in each zone which leading to several increase in post-fracture productivity. The validation of these relations was checked by hydraulic fracturing simulator “Frac-CADE™” utilizing data of a well which was treated before with hydraulic fracturing using an expensive isolation method. This study is the first-of-its-kind up to the author knowledge that considers the perforations erosion by proppant corrosive action in the design of this technique in order to prevent the perforation friction pressure loss and keep successful diversionof the fracturing fluid between different zones to the end of the treatment</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-GB">.</span><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">Abstract</span></strong><br /> <span lang="EN-GB">In hydraulic fracturing, various diversion methods have been used to treat multiple zones with greater or lesser degree of effectiveness. Limited entry fracturing “LEF” is one of them. LEF could be very effective and can result in considerable savings in well completion costs. The process is not difficult to apply. The technique of limited entry perforations is used to achieve large frictional pressure drop across certain perforations to ensure fluid injection through each perforation in each interval. This study presents a new development in LEF. New relations were developed to optimize the perforations number that could not only increase the bottomhole pressure, but also, could result in the optimum fracture geometry in each zone which leading to several increase in post-fracture productivity. The validation of these relations was checked by hydraulic fracturing simulator “Frac-CADE™” utilizing data of a well which was treated before with hydraulic fracturing using an expensive isolation method. This study is the first-of-its-kind up to the author knowledge that considers the perforations erosion by proppant corrosive action in the design of this technique in order to prevent the perforation friction pressure loss and keep successful diversionof the fracturing fluid between different zones to the end of the treatment</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-GB">.</span>Suez University; Faculty of Petroleum and Mining EngineeringJournal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering1110-650618120161201Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment of Commercially Pure Titanium Using Ball Milling Attritor94973912010.21608/jpme.2016.39120ENAhmed E.HannoraFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, 43512, Egypt.Mohamed M.Z.AhmedFaculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, 43512, Egypt.
The British University in EgyptJournal Article20160305The influence of surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT), as a non-conventional solid-state process, on the surface of Ti-VT1-0 substrate has been examined in the current work. SMAT has been carried out using ball milling attritor at different milling times. The treated Ti-substrates have been characterized using optical microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD),and Vicker’s hardness measurement. A highly deformed layer, like coated layer, was observed at the surfaces of the substrates. This layer consists of fine grain structure with no clear variation with the SMAT time. However the hardness measurement showed a systemic behavior of hardness with increasing the SMAT time. The hardness behavior was initially increasing by increasing SMAT time up to 60min. A drop in hardness values is associated with further treatment time up to 240min. XRD results were consistent with the hardness behaviour and showed a notable broadening and peak intensity reduction with increasing SMAT time up to 60min followed by a peak intensity increases by increasing SMAT time up to 240min.